Assessing the Readiness of Architects and Urban Planners for Smart Infrastructure in Enugu State, Nigeria

Abstract

The global shift towards smart cities presents a strategic pathway for sustainable urban development, particularly in developing countries such as Nigeria. While Lagos and Abuja have initiated smart-city programmes, South-East state capitals such as Enugu remain largely peripheral to this transition despite rapid urban growth and increasing infrastructure demands. This study assessed the readiness of architects and urban planners for smart infrastructure development in Enugu Metropolis, including their perceptions of government and institutional preparedness. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey was conducted using a proportionate stratified sample of 183 registered architects and urban planners, with 175 valid responses analysed (95.6% response rate). Data were summarised using frequencies and percentages, while associations were examined using the chi-square test and Cramér's V. Findings revealed high awareness of smart infrastructure, with 92.5% of respondents familiar with the concept, 83.6% willing to adopt smart public services, and 89.1% believing smart technologies would improve living conditions. However, implementation readiness was considerably lower: only 47.3% had access to GIS or BIM tools, 29.1% had received ICT-related training, and 20.0% were aware of relevant government policies. Major barriers included inadequate funding (32.7%), weak inter-professional collaboration (30.9%), and insufficient infrastructure (18.2%). Professional discipline was significantly associated with awareness, χ²(2, N = 175) = 12.87, p = .003, Cramér's V = .27, indicating a moderate association. Since institutional officials were not surveyed, institutional readiness reflects professionals' perceptions rather than a direct assessment.The study proposes an Enugu Smart Infrastructure Readiness Framework with phased implementation, collaborative governance, and pilot smart-city initiatives.